Improvement in pumps



.UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOSEPH \V. DOUGLAS, OF MIDDLETOWN, CONNECTTCUT, ASSIGHOR TO D". d' B. DOUGLAS, QF SAME PLACE.

IMPROYEMENT IN PUMPS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 35,059, dated April 22, 1862.'

To a/ZZ w/Lfom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOSEPH W. DOUGLAS, of Middletown, in the county of Middlesex and vState of Connecticut, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in the Construction of Pumps; and I hereby declare that the following is a full and sufficient description thereof, reference being had to the acconipaf nying drawings and references, making partthereof, in whichn Figure l is a front elevation of the pump,

supposed to be fast to the wall, inwhich the valve-chest is toward the spectator. Fig. 2 is a side elevation showing the position and locatin of the valve-chest A and eductio 1 andin- B, showing position of the arts on the/left side of 'the valve chest; rg. .7, a section through line @c2 m2 of Fig. 3, showing position of parts on rightvside of the valve-chest; Fig. 8, a section through line x3 mi* of Fig. 6, showing parts seen in front of the pump;` Fig. fifa section through y y of Fig. S, showing the bottom of the chambers O2 O2 in section, as also the roof v7a of the same, with the vertical division-walls d d.

Similar letters and figures in the drawings refer to similar parts, and when right and left sides are named in the description the speetator is supposed to stand in front of the pump' with the valve-chest nearest to him, or being toward hixn,as shown in Fig. l.

'In the drawings, let A represent the pump-A barrel; A', the valve-chest, containing the sev`- eral chambers thereof; A2, a side passage for feeding into the lower part of the pump-barrel and communicating with the chamber of valve B.

B is the induction-valve on the left-hand side of the valve-chest; B', the eductioli-valve on the left-hand side of the valve-chest; B2 B8,

openings through the metallic plate imm'es,

diately under valves i3 and l,respcctively,

the Valves being removed.

` C represents induction-valve on the righi side of Valve-chest.; C', the eduction-valve on' the right side of valve-chest. l 2 C. are openings, respectively, through metallic plate under valves C C', the valves being removed.

D is the eduction or discharge pipe; E, theV induction or suction pipe; F, the piston; F',

the piston-rod; O O', openings in the valveplate between the induction-valves B and C and communicating between the indue-tiem Valves aforesaid and the pump-barrel.

O2 O2 are cavities or chambers communicating between the openings O, O and the pumpbarrel, and O O zdld O'2 O'2 together constitute the entire passage between the induction- Yalves and the barrel. p p

Oi, .0", and O"l constitute the three cup# shaped chambers of the upper half ot the valve-chest. y

P I represent the bottom plate or door ot chambers O2 O2, one on each side of the division-wall d.

Letters a a represent the arrows, showiing'-` the direction ot' the currents entering the pump-barrel from the eduction-pipe F.

' a3 0.4, in red ink, show1 the direction oi the discharge-current from the pump to the eduction-pipe D.

b b c o are progeetmg pins acting as stops for the valve-lids in the upper chambers di the valve-chest, as shown in Figs. et and S.

d cl constitute the division-wall 'between chambers O2 O2 and the chambers of induction-valves B and C, while valves B and (Y are operated in a common chamber communicating with the eduction-pipe D.

Letters e eV representa longitudinal partition in the upper half ot' the valve-ehest and extending to the top of the same and separz'dv ing the eduction-valves C BV and theincommunicatio'n with the eduction-pipe D i rom the chambers of the induction-Valves C B.L

Letters f f are channels and ridges snrrounding the valvesand Valve-chambers, f representing t-heichannels, and j the ridges to secure the tightness of the faces of the joint; g g, bolts for fastening the two halves of the valve-chest; g', boit-holes.

h h represent the leather thickness vof the ak a5.

Valve-plate; r., the roof of chamber O 2 Ogvcrl 002 w3, lines for marking the several sectional representations, drawn vertically; 'y y lf2 ly, lines showing horizontal sections. f

z .2 are indications of channels or passages for the currents to enter the pump-barrel, the former entering at the top of the barrel and 4the latter passing down the side passage, A2..

The Iirst feat-ure of the inventionV respects the location and position of the valvech est and Avalvesin vertical cylinder pumps.

The second feature of the invention respect-S the use of y a sheet or plate of tinned iron to aid in forming the floor of the horizontal passage O2 O2, hereinafter to be described.

From the fact that all the parts vcalled the working parts. of a pump are keptwet, and therefore :inclined to rust, and must be fre*- quent-ly required to bel inspected and repaired, 'and its screwsnuts, and bolts be detached, it is very desirable to sof construct the machine that there shall be few parts to be detached in getting at Iall the workings of the valves, and to so arrange these valves-that they may be separate from the barrel', and may thus be removed or renewed without disturbing the fastenings and the piston, and, secondly, that they may beexposed toview,vif possible, by the opening and closing of a single joint. As

- ordinarily constructed, pumps 'required a mechanic topnt them together and take them apart, and most-of the 'partsof the machine have to be taken down in order to get at thel valves either for inspection or repair. f I .have obviated the principal evils com plained of by removing the valifes and valvechainbers awayfroin the barrel and placing them in an exposedV part of the machine entirely accessiblebyfremoving three screwbolts. By this arrangement the four valves B 'l' C GQasY seen in `Fig. 3, are placed in une inclosure4 on-one horizontal plane,a`nd

vvevery part is accessible and freely exposed to View by the opening of a single joint. The whole plate -is'covered witha single thickness nfleather,exceptthe screw-bolt holes g and v`Jhe openings O O. The barrel, yali'Le-chest,

1nd contiguous parts .are made of iron', the valve-chestcast in two Aseparate parts, bolted ogether, and then bolted. to the barrel or to -he side passage, A2, of the barrel bythe f erewgz. s

'lher'only.complicated "part of the pump is 1 thelconstructionjof the .valve-chest and the devious water -channels through it. l. The valveplate h` constitutes the` dividing-line between 'the upper .and lower'parts of the:

valve-chest.' ,They water enters through the v,ndu@tion-pipe'.}i}. and through the lower half of the-ya] i*e'-chest, fthenee into the upper half of the Valve-chest, then'ee'down'through'passages O O "and''passages" O2y O2 (now te bie 'de-- scribed) into the barrel, and theneebaclf'i'rito` J the npper'ehamber ofthe valvechestjand out throu h'eduetionfpipe D. L00

ing agay'. g8 of the' drawings, wihis bottomfrom the front to the rea-r thereof,

vthe bottom plate of this cavity being repre,

sented by letters P vI, the letters 0 O being used here. to show the part of the bottom plate which is direct-ly under the openings O O. in Figs. 3 and `5, and which is seen 011 looking down through these openings. This/bottom plate, P P, (seen edgewise in Fig. 8,) as vmay be inferred by inspection, is a very difficult part to be made of cast metal, and cannot be made in the ordinary way of molding with a core, from the fact that it is an isolated cavity surrounded in part by the cavity of the lower chamber of the Valve-chest below and by the root' k, cast of the 'saine metal and as a part of the same operation. This bottom plate, P P, required an extra contrivanee to insure a sound and perfect casting. To etfect thisI take an ordina-ry sheet or plate ofV roofing-tin cut into the suitable shape, andiix `it in its proper place and position, and the metal de` signed tol constitute the loor I I is poured inlo the mold. The tin which covered the. sheet-iron, having a; strong aflinity for .the metal that is poured in, unites firmly to the metallic plate that is underneath it and bevomnes one `lirin 1nass` :f cast and wrought iron combined. The tin plateaetsas, a support during the casting, and afterward contributes its "firmness and strength tothe fl'oor orplateP P, aforesaid.

The. mechanism to be explained in this' apparatus, and already alluded to by the letters and igures used, is chiefly the valve-chest,v views showing the upper part of which are `seen in Figs. 3,4, 5, and 9, while sectionsshovw' ing portions of the upper and lower parts t0 get-her are'seen in Figs. 6, 7, and 8.l Fig. 6 shows theleft-hand side of the valve-chest, while Fig. 7 shows the right side division. Keeping in mind that the spectator is standing in front and looking toward .the valve-chest, which is between him and the barrel, valves B B and opening O are on hisleft, and valves CC,` 'and Opening O are on his` right hand.;A

The following is the course of the Water through the pump: Entering through the in.

Iduction-pipe E in the directionof the arrows@- ,a, Fig. 8, the water passe'siup on eitherside 'of Vfloor P P, 'through induction-'valves Bf'O'Jnfto', the/two upper chambers* of the Valve-chest,

over valves B C, thence downy through'open-,- ings O .O", (see vvFigi. 3,) .into chamber '0"6?,

Fig.' 8, following the; direction of arrows wat Thence'the currents move horizontally;ljael'c`,

ajl'ong-ithe plate P P to the, barrel. Ourreiit a'Q,

` it is to -beobserved,.passes into the to of the eamo s a.' may be traced' in Fig.- 7, :nul ihm'. of afin Fig. (i, the fol-morto thei-op ol' iho bnrrolnurl the lutter to the bottom thereof.

0 eration: llufu'er F heinir at the bottom b D of the cylinder, Iiig': 6, is drawn upward, and

y the Waiter comnnnicating wi th -the inductionthe induction-pipeA E :nnlWiscelul Jin the Lli-4 rection and followrthe course of thema-lows n either of which arrowsl terminates iirthobinf.- rel oreyliuder. Starting'with current o., wh ich passes through the left side ofthe vnlvechest,v the stremn enters llnud :iscends vunder ind through imllletiolvvnlve il, Figs SA `and 6; thence downward. through openings O, Fig.' 3, Vinto vohimnber 02 Fig'qS; 'thence 'nlongthe floor I l, Fig. 9, and down side 'p 'assagQA current c iu nimmer nsbefore,`,the correntelitersinduction-ppe E, 'lgpassesthrough iuductionivnlve C, thence down O'dnto chanb.

ber. O2 :und along plate CPQIL'Fig. i), entering Ythe cylinder at top between dotted rlines z z.

When the currentis.forcedfrorn the bottom v of thepump-cylinde13 Figi', a'siwhen 'thel tion is 'seen by the lines and arrows @sin red thonout through eduetion-pipel); When the current proceeds from the upperedo the. cylinder, FigyZ-it follows the direction' of the umns of liquid is obvious. While the plunger Qisohargin-g. a stremo. from-'the'lower end of -th'e cylinder'it isi receivingwehmge through would reum'rk thntthe loctiou and po'sif i ou of the volvo-chestzuiilvalves'are restricted to :l -lnn'ti'euhnelass of pumps-nameiy, thoseV hawiug'tho cylinder in the vertical position, withoutmi opening throughthc bottom, and

inse-having the valve-chestat the top of the 'eylinder. `ditions of thisimprovement.' They combine These three :mreidispnsa'ble coutogether toform a perpetual fountain ofwztter to keepA the piston-packing'soft midv pliable,

.so thatelthongh the valves im 1ylea.k,..the] 3is' -ton beingrolatively lower than the valves and lcovered with. water, the functions of its packing reumin .unimpairem This combination or relative position oi parts, while it p ro -tects the piston-pziclfting under all circumstances, :itthe some time locates tho-valve chest in' n-promin'ent and easily-accessible ,pmtjof the maehinerfor inspection anni repairs. to the bottom of the cylinder.' @Starting with',

A\'1 I'l'ving 'described' the nature of the invention und the several devices used;forcnrry-Y ting itinto operation, what I1 elnii'nns my in# -ventiomnncl (lesireto secure Letters Pai- 1. The combination of a, ver-tical philip-ey]- indeig'the vailvechestin position, as described. -sind. the lower 'end of the cylinderbeiug made ilnperforete,substantially in the manuerand for-thepurpose setforth.

2. 'l `ho use ofa tinned-iron plate, P'P,.to

nid in forming the ioor. of', the horizontal passage OVO?, extending from the front to the rear of' the valve-chest, substntially 'in the manner mul for ythe purpose described.'

Jos. WQ DoUGLAs` Witn esses;

BENJN. DOUGLAS, IRA GARDTNER. 

